Define typography. The art of expressing ideas through a selection of certain typefaces and creating and modifying text for various illusions.
Where did the word "typography" originate from? Greek words of form and writing.
What does typography involve? Various typefaces and words.
What is a typeface? Distinctive designs of visual symbols that are used to compose a printed image/design.
What is another term for typeface? Fonts.
What is a character? Individual symbols that make up a typeface. They contain letters, numerals, and punctuation marks.
What is type style? Modifications in a typeface that create design variety while maintaining the visual style of the typeface.
What does type style "create" within a design? Size, age, depth.
What is the waist line and what does it indicate? Imaginary line drawn at the middle of the characters.
What is a base and what does it indicate? Imaginary line drawn at the bottom of the characters.
What is an ascender? Lower case letter that extends above the waist line.
What is a descender? Lower case letters that go below the base line.
Describe a serif. Top, finishing stroke on the top of a character.
How can the size of the typeface be identified? Point size is the standard unit measuring from ascenders to descender.
What is a point? Standard size of fonts.
How many points are in an inch? 72 points per inch.
What is a pica and how many are in an inch? A pica is an "old school" typeface size used mostly in newspapers today.
How many points are in a pica? 12 points, six picas in an inch.
What is body type and where can it be found? Body type is 12 points or smaller text.
What is the key to selecting appropriate typefaces to be used as body type? Readability
What is display type and how is it used? Headlines, the title. Usually big.
What is reverse type and when would it be used? White type on a colored background so it stands out.
What is a typeface classification? A way of classifying and grouping certain fonts for a design or a fancy invitation. Or a blog :)
When was Blackletter invented and how was it used? Around the 1400's, it was used for calligraphy, certificates.
Describe the characteristics of Blackletter. Calligraphy.
When was Old Style invented and what was it based on? 15th and 16th centuries, based on Ancient Roman inscriptions to replace Blackletter.
When were formal scripts developed? 16th century
When were casual scripts developed? 20th century, more fun looking handwriting.
Describe the characteristics of a Script typeface? Text that looks like handwriting
When was Modern typefaces developed and why? 18th and 19th centuries, everything was more formal and this was the new radical font.
Describe the characteristics of a Modern typeface. Thick and thin curves, serifs are horizontal.
How early can Sans Serif typefaces be found? What happened? 15th century, but it didn't have a place until...
When did they become popular? Later on, in the 19th century.
What does "sans serif" mean? No serifs.
Describe the characteristics of a Sans Serif typeface. Uniform in weight, height, and pretty chunky.
Describe Decorative typefaces? Fun looking, crazy, draws to the eye.
Why were they developed? To make it look like a party.
What are they best used for? Large point sizes, originally they are small.
Wednesday, November 30, 2011
Tuesday, November 29, 2011
Review Week Fourteen
Identify 5 college that offer graphic design (or related) majors. For each, list the school name, location, graphics majors offer, and requirements for admission.
1. Arizona State University- Tempe, AZ
* Visual Communications, Graphic Design, and Industrial Design
* SAT Reasoning Test or ACT. Writing is NOT required if submitting the ACT.
2. Auburn University- Auburn, AL
* Design/Visual Communications and Industrial Design
* Essays required, SAT reasoning test or ACT. If submitting ACT, writing is required.
3. University of Alabama- Tuscaloosa, AL
* Advertising
* SAT reasoning test or ACT. If submitting ACT, writing is NOT required.
4. University of Georgia- Athens, GA
* Advertising
* Essay required. SAT reasoning test or ACT. If submitting ACT, writing is required.
5. University of Tennessee- Knoxville, TN
* Commercial/Advertising Art and Advertising
* SAT reasoning or ACT. ACT writing is optional.
What is a portfolio?
A place where you display or save your work to be viewed in an interview for college or a job.
What is the importance of a portfolio?
It contains all of your work, proof that you did it, and could help Deans of Admissions or employers decide whether you may work or study there.
1. Arizona State University- Tempe, AZ
* Visual Communications, Graphic Design, and Industrial Design
* SAT Reasoning Test or ACT. Writing is NOT required if submitting the ACT.
2. Auburn University- Auburn, AL
* Design/Visual Communications and Industrial Design
* Essays required, SAT reasoning test or ACT. If submitting ACT, writing is required.
3. University of Alabama- Tuscaloosa, AL
* Advertising
* SAT reasoning test or ACT. If submitting ACT, writing is NOT required.
4. University of Georgia- Athens, GA
* Advertising
* Essay required. SAT reasoning test or ACT. If submitting ACT, writing is required.
5. University of Tennessee- Knoxville, TN
* Commercial/Advertising Art and Advertising
* SAT reasoning or ACT. ACT writing is optional.
What is a portfolio?
A place where you display or save your work to be viewed in an interview for college or a job.
What is the importance of a portfolio?
It contains all of your work, proof that you did it, and could help Deans of Admissions or employers decide whether you may work or study there.
Friday, November 11, 2011
Review Week Thirteen
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| This is repetition. See how the artist repeated the apples so it keeps your attention. |
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| This is proportion. The artist used size and proportion to make the house seem far away and the landscape more impressive. |
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| This is balance. The artist used this by dividing the page equally, and giving the same amount of color to each side. |
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| This is emphasis. Obviously the lips are emphasized because it sticks out more then the rest of the page. |
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| This is unity because the figures are close together and together they are the object and the main focal point. |
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| This is variety. The ovals have something to do with one another but they are still different and vary in size and shape. |
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| This is the figure, what we focus on. The background is called the ground. |
You highlight the layer and click the white circle button in the layers palette.
* What two colors are used to create a layer mask?
Black and white.
*Describe the process of using a layer mask
Use black and paint over the parts that you don't want and it will always be there.
Monday, November 7, 2011
Stephan Kroninger
* What kind of art did he produce?
Photo-collages
* In what publications/ media studios has his work been featured?
Time, Newsweek, The New Yorker and the New York Times and has also been published in a wide range of publications across Latin America, Europe and Asia.
Photo-collages
* In what publications/ media studios has his work been featured?
Time, Newsweek, The New Yorker and the New York Times and has also been published in a wide range of publications across Latin America, Europe and Asia.
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| Unity in the garbage, emphasis on the man, and the broom stick leads the eye through the picture so you can see everything. |
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| Emphasis on the arm and balance of dark and light |
Review Week Tweleve
* How can you, as the designer, use principles of design to help compose a page?
A good balance is good. I would want the viewer to look at my work and like the balance of colors, the lines guiding the focal point, and maybe a little emphasis on the subject.
* What are the principles of design? Define each in your own words.
Repetition is repeating objects to catch the reader's eye.
Proportion or Scale is the size of the object and subject of the work.
Balance is a distribution of dark and light colors on the work.
Emphasis is stressing a part or subject of a art.
Unity is the wholeness or how close together the objects are.
Variety is diversity, different.
Figure is the shape you pay attention to.
Ground is the area around the figure.
A good balance is good. I would want the viewer to look at my work and like the balance of colors, the lines guiding the focal point, and maybe a little emphasis on the subject.
* What are the principles of design? Define each in your own words.
Repetition is repeating objects to catch the reader's eye.
Proportion or Scale is the size of the object and subject of the work.
Balance is a distribution of dark and light colors on the work.
Emphasis is stressing a part or subject of a art.
Unity is the wholeness or how close together the objects are.
Variety is diversity, different.
Figure is the shape you pay attention to.
Ground is the area around the figure.
Thursday, November 3, 2011
Podcast 3- Principles of Design
Define principles of design? Concepts used to arrange the structural elements of a composition.
What do the principles of design affect? It effects the expressive content or the message of the work.
What is the principle of repetition? Repeating some aspect throughout the entire document.
Describe ways that the principle of repetition helps the composition/audience? It acts as a visual key that ties your piece together.It controls the reader's eye and helps keep their attention.
What are ways that you can incorporate repetition into your designs? Use bold font, thick lines, certain bullet, color, design elements, particular format, and spatial relationship.
What should you avoid when working with repetition? Don't repeat too much, then it will be annoying.
What is the principle of proportion/scale? The relative size of various elements.
What is the most universal standard of measure when judging size? The human body.
How can the principle of proportion/scale be used as an attention getter? Architecture could use big arches for the viewer to feel dwarfed, or a small house could be comfortable and less intimidating.
What is the principle of balance? Distribution of heavy and light elements on the page.
Which kinds of elements/shapes visually weigh heavier/greater? Size, shape, and tone.
What is another name for symmetrical balance? Formal balance.
Define symmetrical balance? Occurs when weight is evenly distributed around an axis.
What is another name for asymmetrical balance? Informal balance
Define asymmetrical balance? Weight is not evenly distributed around the axis.
What is the principle of emphasis? Stressing a particular arc of focus rather than the maze of details of egual importance.
What happens to a design that has no focus? Nothing stands out.
What is a focal point and how is it created? Area where the eye tends to go to first.
How many components of a composition can be a focal point? No more than one.
What ways can emphasis be created in a design? Sudden change in direction, shape, color, texture tone, or line.
What is the principle of unity? The wholeness of composition.
What three ways can unity be obtained?
1. Put objects close to one another.
2. Make things similar using similar textures, colors, etc.
3. Direct vision with a line throughout the work.
What is the principle of variety? Differences and diversity.
What ways can a designer add variety to a design? Vary textures, color, and shapes, and alter their intensity.
Why is it important to find the right balance between unity and variety? It could look boring or be stressful to the eye.
What is figure? The shape we pay attention to in a design.
What is another name for figure? Positive space.
What is ground? Surrounding area around a figure.
What is another name for ground? Negative space.
When a composition is abstract (has no recognizable subject) what will the figure depend on? What does that mean? Balance between negative and positive space.
Why must a designer consider the composition as a whole? Balance, only planning the figure could result in off balance.
What is the principle of rhythm? Continuity or organized movement in space and time.
How is rhythm achieved? Through orderly repetition.
What three ways can rhythm occur in a design?
1. Intervals between the elements are similar.
2. Sequence of shapes through steps.
3. Organic sense of movement.
How does rhythm help a composition/design? Controlling eye movement and add life and interaction.
What is the principle of contrast? Two related elements are different.
How can contrast help a design? Draw the viewer's eye into the piece then guide the viewer.
What is wrong with having too much or too little contrast in a design? Too much -> monotone.
Too little ->confusing
What is the key to working with contrast? Make sure the differences are obvious.
What are some common ways of creating contrast? Create differences in size, value, color, type, texture, shape, alignment, direction, and movement.
What do the principles of design affect? It effects the expressive content or the message of the work.
What is the principle of repetition? Repeating some aspect throughout the entire document.
Describe ways that the principle of repetition helps the composition/audience? It acts as a visual key that ties your piece together.It controls the reader's eye and helps keep their attention.
What are ways that you can incorporate repetition into your designs? Use bold font, thick lines, certain bullet, color, design elements, particular format, and spatial relationship.
What should you avoid when working with repetition? Don't repeat too much, then it will be annoying.
What is the principle of proportion/scale? The relative size of various elements.
What is the most universal standard of measure when judging size? The human body.
How can the principle of proportion/scale be used as an attention getter? Architecture could use big arches for the viewer to feel dwarfed, or a small house could be comfortable and less intimidating.
What is the principle of balance? Distribution of heavy and light elements on the page.
Which kinds of elements/shapes visually weigh heavier/greater? Size, shape, and tone.
What is another name for symmetrical balance? Formal balance.
Define symmetrical balance? Occurs when weight is evenly distributed around an axis.
What is another name for asymmetrical balance? Informal balance
Define asymmetrical balance? Weight is not evenly distributed around the axis.
What is the principle of emphasis? Stressing a particular arc of focus rather than the maze of details of egual importance.
What happens to a design that has no focus? Nothing stands out.
What is a focal point and how is it created? Area where the eye tends to go to first.
How many components of a composition can be a focal point? No more than one.
What ways can emphasis be created in a design? Sudden change in direction, shape, color, texture tone, or line.
What is the principle of unity? The wholeness of composition.
What three ways can unity be obtained?
1. Put objects close to one another.
2. Make things similar using similar textures, colors, etc.
3. Direct vision with a line throughout the work.
What is the principle of variety? Differences and diversity.
What ways can a designer add variety to a design? Vary textures, color, and shapes, and alter their intensity.
Why is it important to find the right balance between unity and variety? It could look boring or be stressful to the eye.
What is figure? The shape we pay attention to in a design.
What is another name for figure? Positive space.
What is ground? Surrounding area around a figure.
What is another name for ground? Negative space.
When a composition is abstract (has no recognizable subject) what will the figure depend on? What does that mean? Balance between negative and positive space.
Why must a designer consider the composition as a whole? Balance, only planning the figure could result in off balance.
What is the principle of rhythm? Continuity or organized movement in space and time.
How is rhythm achieved? Through orderly repetition.
What three ways can rhythm occur in a design?
1. Intervals between the elements are similar.
2. Sequence of shapes through steps.
3. Organic sense of movement.
How does rhythm help a composition/design? Controlling eye movement and add life and interaction.
What is the principle of contrast? Two related elements are different.
How can contrast help a design? Draw the viewer's eye into the piece then guide the viewer.
What is wrong with having too much or too little contrast in a design? Too much -> monotone.
Too little ->confusing
What is the key to working with contrast? Make sure the differences are obvious.
What are some common ways of creating contrast? Create differences in size, value, color, type, texture, shape, alignment, direction, and movement.
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